Maultsby, whose research topics include black religious and popular music and the relationship between African and African American music, has served as a consulting scholar for the PBS film documentary That Rhythm, Those Blues. She selected and edited music for the black history documentary Eyes on the Prize II, produced by Blackside Productions for PBS. She also served as consulting scholar for Record Row: The Cradle of Rhythm & Blues, a video documentary of Chicago’s music scene produced for PBS, and Black Radio: Telling It Like It Was, a 13-part series produced for Radio Smithsonian.

Maultsby founded, and for 10 years conducted, the Indiana University Soul Revue, a touring ensemble that performs black popular music. She is a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences in Stanford, Calif., for the 1999-2000 academic year.