{"id":4267,"date":"2021-07-30T12:00:59","date_gmt":"2021-07-30T16:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/faculty\/profile\/erik-bernardino\/"},"modified":"2026-04-15T12:51:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T16:51:21","slug":"erik-bernardino","status":"publish","type":"faculty-profile","link":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/faculty\/profile\/erik-bernardino\/","title":{"rendered":"Erik Bernardino"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-weight: 400\">B.A., UCLA<br \/>\nPh.D., UC Santa Cruz<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400\">I am a historian of the twentieth century United States specializing in Latinx, immigration, and borderlands histories. I am particularly interested in the intersection of immigration policy and labor migrations at the turn of the twentieth century.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400\">I am currently working on a book manuscript tentatively titled <em>Labor\u2019s Morality: The Hidden Ties Between Sexual Labor, Agricultural Work, and Justice at the California Borderlands, 1875\u20131937 <\/em>(under Advanced Contract with UT Press). <em>Labor&#8217;s Morality<\/em> argues that people have historically moralized labor to create boundaries between \u201clegitimate\u201d workers and \u201cimmoral&#8221; criminals and how the border made such distinctions visible. Focusing on sex and agricultural workers, I show how as both groups crossed and recrossed the California-Mexico border, they revealed and contested the conflicting definitions of morality and work between the Mexico and the United States.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Publications:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Constructing Coercion: Labor Regimes and Sex Workers at the US-Mexico Borderlands&#8221; in\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/utpress.utexas.edu\/9781477333457\/\">Capturing Labor: A History of Unfree Work in the Southwest<\/a>\u00a0<\/em>eds. Jessica Pliley &amp; John Mckiernan-Gonz\u00e1lez (UT Press, 2026).<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/track.smtpsendmail.com\/9032119\/c?p%3DfXH8aK7r-jv7L7Fn13VyKaf4EuPGZ6InvACPxcD_mWilS9aqSv98vo3v9PBeifkpbm5hixx5nqUZmkpzMH2gAGT7qT5Mrf77LOCr06lC-mH-s2AS4OAf6ZFV9ndBFRWvsZOQ2oBUgW1ml-_vvocHHSizZTJNjgEJY-eMWIE-qub-1OjZhIr7IIyDh8swGvzwXD4lKQkQnUeQRBG3p1Y8PMSi9PdqAlVRE1koBjVjeOJwuSxhRzEiYiM2FfvRfXbzaRMu9UeO_RQ-PwfEvPy3VTiClz5fKz5pqsW-G3cp_7wbc_qxjuk-UTv5WV3tDLONjIUHYL-dim9qLRbeO2iplg%3D%3D&amp;source=gmail-imap&amp;ust=1735049908000000&amp;usg=AOvVaw16CfzJ7xu2hE8P8ChtsbKk\">Between the Homing Pigeon and the Vagrant: The Contract Labor System and the Creation of the Immoral Mexican Migrant, 1910-1929<\/a>&#8221; <em>Labor: Studies in Working-Class History <\/em>21 no. 4<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oah.org\/tah\/industry-immigration-and-empire\/how-the-u-s-mexico-borderlands-became-spaces-of-crime-and-violence\/\">How the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands Became Spaces of Crime and Violence<\/a>&#8221; <em>The American Historian <\/em>(Winter 2025).<\/p>\n<h1 class=\"text-white\"><\/h1>\n","protected":false},"author":1377,"featured_media":4381,"template":"","class_list":["post-4267","faculty-profile","type-faculty-profile","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","expertise-specific-chicana-o-history","expertise-specific-immigration","expertise-specific-labor-history","expertise-specific-latin-american","expertise-specific-latinx-studies","expertise-specific-us-mexico-borderlands"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/faculty\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/faculty-profile\/4267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/faculty\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/faculty-profile"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/faculty\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/faculty-profile"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/faculty\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1377"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/faculty\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/faculty-profile\/4267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7933,"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/faculty\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/faculty-profile\/4267\/revisions\/7933"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/faculty\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4381"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/faculty\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}