{"id":168,"date":"2010-11-30T21:08:06","date_gmt":"2010-11-30T21:08:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hub-dev.bates.edu\/mathematics\/?page_id=168"},"modified":"2025-05-14T11:29:03","modified_gmt":"2025-05-14T15:29:03","slug":"latex-manual","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/resources\/latex-manual\/","title":{"rendered":"The Bates LaTeX Manual"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Lessons and Exercises<\/h3>\n<p><!-- Each .tex file shows the source code used to generate the Lesson\u00a0portion of the output .dvi file. After viewing both of these, you should\u00a0try to create the .tex code for the Exercise portion of the output file.\u00a0Then check your code against the sample solution in the Exercise Answers.\u00a0The full\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/Introduction.pdf\"><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/a> contains more details\u00a0on how to use this manual. The\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/Acknowledgments.pdf\"><strong>Acknowledgments<\/strong><\/a> contains the names of those who are to blame for this manual.\n\n<em>Software Required:<\/em> You\u00a0will need some sort of LaTeX software. In the Bates computer labs, you\u00a0may use the program PCTeX. There is also free software available for your\u00a0own machine; see the\u00a0Math\u00a0Department <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/resources\/learning-latex\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Learning LaTeX<\/strong><\/a> page for instructions on downloading it. Each output\u00a0file has also been provided in a .pdf version in case you need to view\u00a0it on a machine without LaTeX software. --><\/p>\n<p>If you are new to LaTeX: visit our \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/resources\/what-is-latex\/\">What is LaTeX?<\/a>\u201d page to get started.<\/p>\n<p>Most sections below contain both a Lesson and an Exercise. The file labeled \u201cLesson (.tex)\u201d contains the LaTeX source code for the top part of the file \u201cOutput (.pdf)\u201d. Students should (1) view these two files, (2) build understanding of the LaTeX being used, and then (3) try on their own to produce LaTeX source code for the bottom part of the file \u201cOutput (.pdf)\u201d. Solutions appear in the files labeled \u201cAnswers (.tex)\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>The goal of these lessons is to provide a solid grounding in LaTeX. This manual is not exhaustive: LaTeX has vast capability and is updated regularly. For further information, the best resources are web searches and discussions with other LaTeX users.<\/p>\n<p>1: The Basics<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson1.tex\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/1Combined.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a> --><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson1Output.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXAnswers1.tex\">Answers (.tex)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>2: Math Blackboard, Logic,\u00a0Quantifiers, &amp; Alignment<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson2.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/2Combined.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a> --><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2012\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson2Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXAnswers2.tex\">Answers (.tex<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>3: Proclamations &amp; Proofs<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson3.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/3Combined.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a> --><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2012\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson3Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXAnswers3.tex\">Answers (.tex)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>4: Set Notation, Greek &amp;\u00a0Hebrew Letters<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson4.tex\">Lesson (.tex<\/a>)<!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/4Combined.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a>--><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2012\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson4Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXAnswers4.tex\">Answers (.tex<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>5: Alignment, Part Two &#8211;\u00a0Labels &amp; Annotation<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson5.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/5Combined.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a> --><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2012\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson5Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXAnswers5.tex\">Answers (.tex)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>6: Sizing &amp; Spacing<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson6.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/6Combined.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a> --><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2012\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson6Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXAnswers6.tex\">Answers (.tex)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>7: Math Miscellany<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson7.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/7Combined.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a> --><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2012\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson7Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXAnswers7.tex\">Answers (.tex<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>8: Over\/Under &amp; Boxes<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson8.tex\">Lesson (.tex<\/a>)<!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/8Combined.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a> --><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2012\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson8Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXAnswers8.tex\">Answers (.tex)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>9: Arrows &amp; Functions<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson9.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><br \/><!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/9Combined.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a> --><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2012\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson9Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<br \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXAnswers9.tex\">Answers (.tex<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>10: Tables<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2022\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson10-5.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1O8Ux_H5uXXBD9a9igWP-Noa5Ec4FmzuK\/view?usp=sharing\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2022\/05\/BatesLaTeXExercise10.tex\">Answers (.tex)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>11: Lists<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson11.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/11Combined.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a> --><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2012\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson11Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXAnswers11.tex\">Answers (.tex<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>12: The cases &amp; array\u00a0Environments<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson12.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/12Combined.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a> --><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2012\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson12Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXAnswers12.tex\">Answers (.tex<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>13: Importing Graphics<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><!-- <a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/13Lesson.dvi\">Output (.dvi)<\/a> --><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2012\/05\/BatesLaTeXLesson13Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/>[No Exercise]<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/Graphic1_TangentGraph.eps\">Graphic1 (.eps)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/Graphic2_EulerianGraph.eps\">Graphic2 (.eps)<\/a> [Download these graphics for Lesson 13.]<\/p>\n<p>14: Ti<em>k<\/em>Z<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson14.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson14Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/>[No Exercise]<\/p>\n<p>15: BEAMER<br \/><em>Recommendation<\/em>: open your presentation full-screen in Adobe Acrobat rather than as a web browser preview.<br \/><em>Note<\/em>: you may need to install the LaTeX &#8220;beamer&#8221; package.<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson15.tex\">Lesson (.tex)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BatesLaTeXLesson15Output.pdf\">Output (.pdf)<\/a><br \/>[No Exercise]<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/graph1.png\">graph1 (.png)<\/a><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/graph2.png\">graph2 (.png)<\/a> [Download these graphs for Lesson 15.]<\/p>\n<h3>Model Thesis Files<\/h3>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1mSbjVhsy1ynL7q1q2OcNeYd2cHrhbHMh\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zip folder linked here<\/a> contains a set of files that you will use, all together, for your thesis. Download the <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1mSbjVhsy1ynL7q1q2OcNeYd2cHrhbHMh\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zip folder<\/a> and put all contained files into a single folder in Overleaf, TeXShop, or any other version of LaTeX you may use.<\/p>\n<p>Then, typeset the file MainThesisFile.tex. (Typesetting may also be referred to as compiling or recompiling in your version of LaTeX.) Your <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1uQOYgtZRzBMFqy74SwYNB3N9omP7rNNu\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PDF output file should then look like this<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The files in the <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1mSbjVhsy1ynL7q1q2OcNeYd2cHrhbHMh\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zip folder<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1uQOYgtZRzBMFqy74SwYNB3N9omP7rNNu\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PDF output<\/a> contain many tips, suggestions, and best practices for using LaTeX to create a thesis. This is likely a longer and more complicated sort of project than you have ever written before, and these files and output will help to make the process smoother and more professional-looking by the time you are done.<\/p>\n<p><!--\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3>Beamer Basics<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<span style=\"color: #004080;\">The file\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/beamerbasics.tex\">beamerbasics.tex<\/a>\u00a0is a very brief introduction to Beamer. It requires your machine to have the LaTeX beamer package installed.<span style=\"color: #004080;\">Your output file should look like this: (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/BEAMERsample.pdf\">.pdf output<\/a>), but if you want it to look right, please save the .pdf file and then open it in Acrobat, not in an internet browser.\u00a0<\/span>The set of files below is a more advanced example suitable to be adapted to a thesis talk or other presentation.<\/span>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3>Sample Beamer Presentation Files<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nCopy all of the following files into a single folder and then typeset the file beamersample.tex. Your output file should then look like this: (<a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/beamersample.pdf\">.pdf version<\/a>)<span style=\"color: #004080;\">, but if you want it to look right, please save the .pdf file and then open it in Acrobat, not in an internet browser<\/span>.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<ul>\n \t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 14px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/beamersample.tex\">beamersample.tex<\/a>\n<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/graph1.png\">graph1.png<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/abacus.bates.edu\/~etowne\/graph2.png\">graph2.png<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n--><\/p>\n<h3>Beamer Poster Sample<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #004080;\">Copy all of the following files into a single folder and typeset the file sampleposter.tex. Your output file should then look like this: (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/sampleposter.pdf\">.pdf version<\/a>). You may need to install the package &#8220;beamerposter&#8221; and the file\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ctan.org\/tex-archive\/macros\/latex\/contrib\/beamerposter\">beamerposter.sty<\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 14px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2010\/11\/sampleposter.tex\">sampleposter.tex<\/a><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2018\/06\/xy1.pdf\">xy1.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/files\/2018\/06\/ProdRule.pdf\">ProdRule.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Acknowledgements<\/h3>\n<p>The Bates LaTeX Manual started with an earlier set of lessons written in 2003 by Meredith Greer. The current lessons draw largely from work done by Eric Towne in 2006-2007, supported by a grant from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Bonnie Shulman wrote the grant proposal for these funds. Updates were made in 2018 and 2025 by Meredith Greer.<\/p>\n<p>Thanks to John Rhodes for his original thesis files that have been updated here, and thanks to Dawn Nelson for contributing the Beamer poster files.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lessons and Exercises If you are new to LaTeX: visit our \u201cWhat&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":127,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_hide_ai_chatbot":false,"_ai_chatbot_style":"","associated_faculty":[],"_Page_Specific_Css":"","_bates_restrict_mod":false,"_batesModPostContentOverride_prepend":false,"_batesModPostContentOverride_append":false,"_batesModPostContentOverride_append_before_footer":false,"_table_of_contents_display":false,"_table_of_contents_location":"","_table_of_contents_disableSticky":false,"_is_featured":false,"footnotes":"","_bates_seo_meta_description":"","_bates_seo_block_robots":false,"_bates_seo_sharing_image_id":0,"_bates_seo_sharing_image_twitter_id":0,"_bates_seo_share_title":"","_bates_seo_canonical_overwrite":"","_bates_seo_twitter_template":""},"class_list":["post-168","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/168","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=168"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/168\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2841,"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/168\/revisions\/2841"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/127"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bates.edu\/mathematics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}